Rock and ore crusher.



No. 848,782. PATENTED APR. 2, 1907i G. H. THURSTON.

ROOK AND DRE GRUSHBRI` GEORGE HENRY THURSTON, OF JOHANNESBURG,TRANSVAAL, ASSIGNOR y TO ALLIS-CHALMERS COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE,

PORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

WISCONSIN, A COR- RQCK AND ORE CRUSHER.

'Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apri112, 1907.

Application filed June 9, 1906. Serial No. 321,013.

To' all whom, it' may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HENRY TH'UEsToN, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain, residing at Johannesburg, in the Transvaal Colony, SouthAfrica, have invented certain. new and useful' Improvements in RockandvOre Crushers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relatesparticularly to that class of rock and ore breakersknown as gyratory Crushers, and has for its object to provide a simple,economical, and efficient crushing-head for a rock and ore breaker ofthis type.

The invention consists.v iny the features, combinations, and detailshereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is la vertical sectional detailof the crushinghead constructed in accordance vwith my improvements.Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view taken on the line 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 isasection of the mantlejshowingthe locking-lug. Fig. 4 is a section ofthe core, showing the locking-groove. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail sectionalviews of other forms of Crusher, illustrating the effect of the heavywear thereon. In the art 'to which this invention relates it hashitherto been proposed to make the crushing-head in two parts-a coreportion of 'relatively soft metal and a mantle portion of relativclyhardmetal-the object being to provide a mantlcywhich may be removed andreplaced by a new mantle when the old man-l tle has become worn by use.In carrying outthis idea it has hitherto been proposed to use a conicalor frusto-conieal core portion and a similarly-shaped mantle portionplaced over the core portion, with means for holding the mantle portionupon the core portion. So far as l am aware, however,'it has hithertobeen yproposed to locate the interlocking means between the mantleandcore portion, either at the top thereof or atan intermediate pointbetween the top and bottom. I. have illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6,respectively, crushing-luttele formed in this way. Both theseconstructions, however, are umlcsirable and practically useless for thefollowing rea sons: It is quite obvious that the crushinghead in thesemachines is subjected to enormous strains, the parts 'themselves are ofvery heavy weight, and the metal operated upon is refractory incharacter. When, therefore, a chilled or hardened mantle. has beenmounted on a core, so as to be removable therefrom, the great pressureto which the crushing-head is subjected causes a iow of the metalcomprising the core and a consequent distortion of the parts, renderinthe operation of the machine'irregular an -unsatisfactory. Furthermore,large quantities of heat are developed, resulting from the energy usedup in the crushing operation. This heat passing to the mantle expandsthe same and 'unless provision is made against it causes it to becomeloose upon the core. This looseness. will cause pounding of the mantleupon the core and add to the distortion already referred to. Thegreatest amount of friction and pressure is at the lower edge of themantle, and itfis at this point, therefore, that the greatest heat isdeveloped. Consequently in operation if the mantle is secured to thecore near its to as indicated in Fig. 5, or at an interme iate point, asindicated in Fig. 6, expansion of the lower edge of the mantle willcause a separation between the mantle and core at this peint, as clearlyindicated in these figures. The pounding and pressure above referred towill also cause the softer material of the core to flow irregularly, asindicated in these gures, causing a distortion of the crushinghead,which renders its operation uncertaln and unreliable. In order toprovide acrushing-head in which these difficulties are-obviated and inwhich the mantle is firmly held in position upon the core at all timesand the` deleterious effects above described eliminated, I have providedthe following construction. l

Referring to the drawings, a indicates the shaft of a gyratory crusherof the desired size and strength. Upon this shaft is fitted a core b offrusto-conical shape, which may be secured to theshaft in any Well-knownmanner, as by keys l1. This particular feature, however, forms no partofmy present invention. Reniovably mounted upon the core b is a mantlec, of chilled or hardened IOO material, preferably 'manganese-steel, the

mantle and core being formed soas to closely litl each other, asindicated in Fig. 1. At its lower end this mantle is provided with twoor more inwardly-projecting locking-lugs d,

havingl oppositely-inclined upper faces d', and upon the lower end ofthe core slots e are formed, having at their' lower ends, which are alsoat the lower edge of the core,1 inclined Web-faces e. lVhen thelocking-lugs (Z are brought into engagement with the slot e, the mantlemay be rotated in either direction, causing an engagement of theinclined faces on the lug'with the corresponding inclined portions ofthe slots. This results in a close interlocking engagement between themantle and the core portion, and it will be observed that theinterlocking engagement is automatic inits character. The automaticinterlocking is effected by the rotation of themantle and core thereonafter the mantle has been placed over the core with the key in thegroove e. rotating the head, including the core and mantle, the tendencyis for the key to ride upon one or the other ol the in clined laces c,depending upon the direction of rotation of the head. Thus the mantle sautomatically drawn into close engagement with the core by the rotationof these parts. The location ol the automatic interlock at the loweredge ol the core and mantle is an important feature ot my invention, lorby so locating the interlock l do away entirely with the objectionablelcaiurcs ol devices used suggested in the prior arl. As belore stated,the tendency ol` i he malnle to expand at this point is greatest. 'lhepressure is also greatest at this point', causing ihe tendency ol thecore portion to llow. By placing' the inlerlock, however, at the loweredge oll the core and mantle l provide a means wherelrv the. I

expansion ot' the parts at the lower edge, tending to separate themantle from the core, is counteracted by reason of the constantautomatic drawing into engagement of these parts by the interlockingdevices. Furthermore, should the metal tend to flow downwardly, asindicated in Figs. 5 and 6, the result is a firmer engagement of theinterlocking parts, counteracting this tendency. It will further beobserved that the interlock is of such nature as to draw thefrnstoconical mantle down upon the frusto-conical core, so that all theparts of the device are lirmly secured together at all times and underall con ditions of service. At the same time l have provided acrushing-head in which the inantle may be removed when worn out andreplaced by a new one. l believe that I am the first to attain theseimportant advantages.

lclaim- In a rock and orel breaker, a crnshing-hmnl comprising a coreportion of relatively solt metal, said core portion having an inclinedoluer surface, a mantle olj relatively hard metal closely fitting thecore portion, and an inwardly-proiecting lug having an inclined lace,said lng being located at the lower edge olI the mantle and said corebeing provided h a vert ical groove adjacent its lower edge wit havinginclined wedge portionsl lor engaging the lug on the lnani'le.

GEORGE HENRY 'l`llll{S'l`().\'. Wil nesses:

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